Liên kết ngoài Valin

Liên kết ngoài Valin

Sinh tổng hợp Isoleucin và Valin

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20 loại axit amin sinh protein

Phân loại theo tính chất

Bão hòa	Axit amin mạch nhánh •(Valin •Isoleucin •Leucin) •Methionin •Alanin •Prolin •Glyxin
Thơm	Phenylalanin •Tyrosin •Tryptophan •Histidin
Phân cực, không mang điện	Asparagin •Glutamin •Serin •Threonin
Tích điện dương (pKa)	Lysin (≈10.8) •Arginin (≈12.5) •Histidin (≈6.1)
Tích điện âm (pKa)	Axit aspartic (≈3.9) •Axit glutamic (≈4.1) •Cystein (≈8.3) •Tyrosin (≈10.1)
Phân loại chung	Axit amin thiết yếu •Protein •Peptit •Mã di truyền

Phân loại khác

Axit amin thiết yếu •Axit amin sinh ceton •Axit amin sinh đường

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Chất trung gian chuyển hóa axit amin

lysine→	Saccharopine • Allysine • Axit α-aminoadipic • α-cetoadipate • Glutaryl-CoA • Glutaconyl-CoA • Crotonyl-CoA • β-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA
leucine→	Axit α-cetoisocaproic • Isovaleryl-CoA • 3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA • 3-Methylglutaconyl-CoA • HMG-CoA
tryptophan→alanine→	N'-Formylkynurenine • Kynurenine • Axit Anthranilic • 3-Hydroxykynurenine • Axit 3-Hydroxyanthranilic • 2-Amino-3-carboxymuconic semialdehyde • 2-Aminomuconic semialdehyde • Axit 2-Aminomuconic • Glutaryl-CoA

Đ→pyruvate→citrate

glycine→serine→	Axit 3-Phosphoglyceric • glycine→creatine: Glycocyamine • Phosphocreatine • Creatinine

Đ→glutamate→
α-cetoglutarate

histidine→	Axit Urocanic • Axit Imidazol-4-one-5-propionic • Axit Formiminoglutamic • Glutamate-1-semialdehyde
proline→	Axit 1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic
arginine→	Ornithine • Putrescine • Agmatine
khác	cysteine+glutamate→glutathione: γ-Glutamylcysteine

Đ→propionyl-CoA→
succinyl-CoA

valine→	Axit α-Cetoisovaleric • Isobutyryl-CoA • Methacrylyl-CoA • 3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA • Axit 3-Hydroxyisobutyric • Axit 2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoic
isoleucine→	Axit 2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic • 2-Methylbutyryl-CoA • Tiglyl-CoA • 2-Methylacetoacetyl-CoA
methionine→	tạo homocysteine: S-Adenosyl methionine • S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine • Homocysteine • chuyển hóa thành cysteine: Cystathionine • Axit alpha-Cetobutyric+Cysteine
threonine→	Axit α-Cetobutyric
propionyl-CoA→	Methylmalonyl-CoA

phenylalanine→tyrosine→	Axit 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic • Axit Homogentisic • 4-Maleylacetoacetate

Đ→oxaloacetate

xem chu trình ure

Khác

Chuyển hóa cysteine	Axit Cysteine sulfinic

Liên quan

Tài liệu tham khảo

WikiPedia: Valin http://redpoll.pharmacy.ualberta.ca/drugbank/cgi-b... http://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=CC(... http://ecb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esis/index.php?GENRE=E... http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cg... http://www.genome.ad.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:D00... http://www.commonchemistry.org/ChemicalDetail.aspx... http://www.orgsyn.org/demo.aspx?prep=CV3P0848 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHE... http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/reaction/A...